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of an artificial

  • 1 artificial surface

    ■ Top layer of a playing field made of a blend of grass-like fibres and having the appearance and qualities of natural grass.
    ■ Künstlicher Bodenbelag, der in Beschaffenheit und Aussehen einem Naturrasen nahekommt.

    Englisch-deutsch wörterbuch fußball > artificial surface

  • 2 artificial turf

    ■ Top layer of a playing field made of a blend of grass-like fibres and having the appearance and qualities of natural grass.
    ■ Künstlicher Bodenbelag, der in Beschaffenheit und Aussehen einem Naturrasen nahekommt.

    Englisch-deutsch wörterbuch fußball > artificial turf

  • 3 Artificial Turf Panel

    ■ A UEFA expert panel composed of experts in the field of football turf whose duty is to support the Stadium and Security Committee in its work and, more specifically, to draw up recommendations for possible changes regarding artificial turf and corresponding regulations, to conduct safety and injury studies, and to analyse and develop football specific criteria for football fields.
    ■ UEFA-Expertenausschuss, der sich aus Experten aus dem Bereich des Kunstrasens zusammensetzt, die Kommission für Stadien und Sicherheit in ihrer Arbeit unterstützt, und insbesondere Empfehlungen betreffend Änderungsvorschläge für Kunstrasen und die entsprechenden Reglemente erarbeitet, Sicherheits- und Verletzungsstudien durchführt, und fußballspezifische Kriterien für Spielfelder analysiert und entwickelt.

    Englisch-deutsch wörterbuch fußball > Artificial Turf Panel

  • 4 artificial

    artificial, synthetic, false, far-fetched
    * * *

    Dicionário português (brasileiro)-Inglês > artificial

  • 5 Artificial Silks

    ARTIFICIAL SILKS, "Art Silks"
    The term "silk" was at first applied to fabrics made of "artificial silk" but these yarns are synthetically produced and arc not silks at all. As the term "Rayon" is now being used to distinguish these manufactured yarns, a fairly complete list of the better known is given under "Rayon".

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Artificial Silks

  • 6 artificial

    artificial

    Albanian-English dictionary > artificial

  • 7 artificial

    adj
    man-made adj

    Spanish-English Business Glossary > artificial

  • 8 artificial

    • artificial
    • artsy
    • artsy-craftsy
    • arty
    • arty-crafty
    • contrived
    • factitious
    • feigned
    • insignificant thing
    • insincere talk
    • made-up
    • man-like automaton
    • man-made fiber
    • manmade
    • manufactured
    • synthetic
    • synthetical

    Diccionario Técnico Español-Inglés > artificial

  • 9 Artificial Cotton

    This is prepared from the barked trunks of pine trees by the reduction of thin shavings into wood-wool, which is washed, then acted upon by steam, and heated with caustic soda under pressure, being thus converted into cellulose. This paste-like substance is reheated and pressed through a form of sieve into threads. By treating with ammonia and sprinkling with water these threads are made flexible and as easy to work as cotton. The wood is not abundant, and the cost of production is very heavy, which tends to prevent this fibre becoming a commercial success. In 1933, a Japanese company claimed that they could produce this material so cheaply that it would compete successfully with cotton.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Artificial Cotton

  • 10 Artificial Horse Hair

    Yarns made from several varieties of Mexican grasses to imitate real horse hair. They arc specially treated with concentrated sulphuric acid or chloride of zinc, which renders the fibre strong and clastic.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Artificial Horse Hair

  • 11 Artificial Leather

    A cheap substitute for leather and used for upholstery work, suit cases, trimmings for ladies' hats, etc. A cotton fabric, plain weave, super yarns of uniform diameters is coated with a nitrocellulose preparation, and this surface is embossed so as to imitate leather. Many colours are produced. Several trade names are given to special styles.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Artificial Leather

  • 12 Artificial Tulle

    This is a material made from the same solution as rayon, but instead of being forced through the tubes, it is spread over an engraved cylinder, and after being hardened, etc., it is drawn off as a wide web material used for hat trimmings. The cylinders arc engraved with various patterns.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Artificial Tulle

  • 13 Artificial Wool

    Is really a recovered waste product, and has grown to an important branch of the textile industry. A large quantity of cheap suits are made from these yarns, of which there arc several varieties, known as mungo, shoddy, extract wool, etc. The various wool wastes which are obtained from rags and waste containing wool, cotton or other fibres are so treated that the vegetable fibres are destroyed by chemical means. The animal fibres remaining are respun into yarns. The term is wrongly applied because the fibre is actually wool, although recovered (see also under Mungo, Shoddy, Extract Wool). The term is also given to a rayon fibre manufactured in Italy and sold as "Snia-fil". The Wool Textile Delegation should give a definite ruling on materials such as this which have no wool in their make-up (see Wool Substitutes)

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Artificial Wool

  • 14 Artificial Intelligence

     (AI)
     Искусственный интеллект (ИИ)
      Свойство автоматических систем брать на себя отдельные функции интеллекта человека, например, выбирать и принимать оптимальные решения на основе ранее полученного опыта и рационального анализа внешних воздействий.
      Включает область исследований, направленных на разработку и создание таких разумных машин; данный термин может также относиться к самой разумной машине.
      Также - раздел информатики, занимающийся вопросами имитации мышления человека с помощью компьютера.

    Russian-English dictionary of Nanotechnology > Artificial Intelligence

  • 15 artificial

    adj.
    artificial.
    * * *
    1 artificial
    * * *
    adj.
    * * *
    ADJ [flor, luz, inseminación] artificial; [material] artificial, man-made
    * * *
    adjetivo <flor/satélite/sonrisa> artificial; < fibra> man-made, artificial
    * * *
    = artificial, contrived, cardboard, theatrical, inauthentic.
    Ex. The abstracts in Appendix 2.2 are a little artificial since they relate to a part of this book.
    Ex. Fraktur, cut with a contrived formality that belied its cursive origins, became the most successful of all the gothic types, surviving as a book face in Germany until the mid twentieth century.
    Ex. If the plot is trite, the characters cardboard and the action totally implausible and illogical these things do not matter so long as the reader is happy.
    Ex. The novel is about a contrite sinner who finds penitence through a 'cunning' that is theatrical.
    Ex. Much of the culture of Western democracies has increasingly become inauthentic or phony.
    ----
    * campo de césped artificial = all-weather pitch.
    * campo de hierba artificial = all-weather pitch.
    * centro de esquí artificial = dry ski centre.
    * césped artificial = artificial grass, artificial turf.
    * colorante artificial para alimentos = food colouring.
    * con sabor artificial = artificially flavoured.
    * edulcorante artificial = artificial sweetener.
    * fuegos artificiales = firework display.
    * hierba artificial = artificial grass, artificial turf.
    * iluminación artificial = artificial lighting.
    * inseminación artificial = artificial insemination.
    * inteligencia artificial = machine intelligence.
    * lenguaje artificial = artificial language.
    * luz artificial = artificial light.
    * pista de esquí artificial = dry slope, dry ski slope.
    * pulmón artificial = lung-machine.
    * ventilación artificial = artificial ventilation.
    * * *
    adjetivo <flor/satélite/sonrisa> artificial; < fibra> man-made, artificial
    * * *
    = artificial, contrived, cardboard, theatrical, inauthentic.

    Ex: The abstracts in Appendix 2.2 are a little artificial since they relate to a part of this book.

    Ex: Fraktur, cut with a contrived formality that belied its cursive origins, became the most successful of all the gothic types, surviving as a book face in Germany until the mid twentieth century.
    Ex: If the plot is trite, the characters cardboard and the action totally implausible and illogical these things do not matter so long as the reader is happy.
    Ex: The novel is about a contrite sinner who finds penitence through a 'cunning' that is theatrical.
    Ex: Much of the culture of Western democracies has increasingly become inauthentic or phony.
    * campo de césped artificial = all-weather pitch.
    * campo de hierba artificial = all-weather pitch.
    * centro de esquí artificial = dry ski centre.
    * césped artificial = artificial grass, artificial turf.
    * colorante artificial para alimentos = food colouring.
    * con sabor artificial = artificially flavoured.
    * edulcorante artificial = artificial sweetener.
    * fuegos artificiales = firework display.
    * hierba artificial = artificial grass, artificial turf.
    * iluminación artificial = artificial lighting.
    * inseminación artificial = artificial insemination.
    * inteligencia artificial = machine intelligence.
    * lenguaje artificial = artificial language.
    * luz artificial = artificial light.
    * pista de esquí artificial = dry slope, dry ski slope.
    * pulmón artificial = lung-machine.
    * ventilación artificial = artificial ventilation.

    * * *
    1 ‹flor/satélite› artificial; ‹fibra› man-made, artificial
    2 ‹persona/sonrisa› artificial, false
    * * *

    artificial adjetivo ‹flor/satélite/sonrisa› artificial;
    ‹ fibra› man-made, artificial
    artificial adjetivo
    1 artificial
    2 Tex man-made o synthetic
    ' artificial' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    bengala
    - canal
    - cohete
    - colorante
    - fecundación
    - inseminación
    - inteligencia
    - natural
    - ortopédica
    - ortopédico
    - postiza
    - postizo
    - respiración
    - riñón
    - satélite
    - trabajada
    - trabajado
    - gruta
    - pantano
    English:
    artificial
    - artificial insemination
    - artificial intelligence
    - banger
    - bank
    - contrived
    - cracker
    - forced
    - fuse
    - life-support
    - limb
    - man-made
    - snow machine
    - stilted
    - floodlight
    - kidney
    - kiss
    - man
    - plastic
    - satellite
    - sweetener
    - ventilator
    * * *
    1. [hecho por el hombre] [flor, lago] artificial;
    [material] man-made, artificial
    2. [no espontáneo] [persona, sonrisa, amabilidad] artificial
    * * *
    adj artificial
    * * *
    1) : artificial, man-made
    2) : feigned, false
    * * *
    artificial adj artificial

    Spanish-English dictionary > artificial

  • 16 Artificial Intelligence

       In my opinion, none of [these programs] does even remote justice to the complexity of human mental processes. Unlike men, "artificially intelligent" programs tend to be single minded, undistractable, and unemotional. (Neisser, 1967, p. 9)
       Future progress in [artificial intelligence] will depend on the development of both practical and theoretical knowledge.... As regards theoretical knowledge, some have sought a unified theory of artificial intelligence. My view is that artificial intelligence is (or soon will be) an engineering discipline since its primary goal is to build things. (Nilsson, 1971, pp. vii-viii)
       Most workers in AI [artificial intelligence] research and in related fields confess to a pronounced feeling of disappointment in what has been achieved in the last 25 years. Workers entered the field around 1950, and even around 1960, with high hopes that are very far from being realized in 1972. In no part of the field have the discoveries made so far produced the major impact that was then promised.... In the meantime, claims and predictions regarding the potential results of AI research had been publicized which went even farther than the expectations of the majority of workers in the field, whose embarrassments have been added to by the lamentable failure of such inflated predictions....
       When able and respected scientists write in letters to the present author that AI, the major goal of computing science, represents "another step in the general process of evolution"; that possibilities in the 1980s include an all-purpose intelligence on a human-scale knowledge base; that awe-inspiring possibilities suggest themselves based on machine intelligence exceeding human intelligence by the year 2000 [one has the right to be skeptical]. (Lighthill, 1972, p. 17)
       4) Just as Astronomy Succeeded Astrology, the Discovery of Intellectual Processes in Machines Should Lead to a Science, Eventually
       Just as astronomy succeeded astrology, following Kepler's discovery of planetary regularities, the discoveries of these many principles in empirical explorations on intellectual processes in machines should lead to a science, eventually. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)
       Many problems arise in experiments on machine intelligence because things obvious to any person are not represented in any program. One can pull with a string, but one cannot push with one.... Simple facts like these caused serious problems when Charniak attempted to extend Bobrow's "Student" program to more realistic applications, and they have not been faced up to until now. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 77)
       What do we mean by [a symbolic] "description"? We do not mean to suggest that our descriptions must be made of strings of ordinary language words (although they might be). The simplest kind of description is a structure in which some features of a situation are represented by single ("primitive") symbols, and relations between those features are represented by other symbols-or by other features of the way the description is put together. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)
       [AI is] the use of computer programs and programming techniques to cast light on the principles of intelligence in general and human thought in particular. (Boden, 1977, p. 5)
       The word you look for and hardly ever see in the early AI literature is the word knowledge. They didn't believe you have to know anything, you could always rework it all.... In fact 1967 is the turning point in my mind when there was enough feeling that the old ideas of general principles had to go.... I came up with an argument for what I called the primacy of expertise, and at the time I called the other guys the generalists. (Moses, quoted in McCorduck, 1979, pp. 228-229)
       9) Artificial Intelligence Is Psychology in a Particularly Pure and Abstract Form
       The basic idea of cognitive science is that intelligent beings are semantic engines-in other words, automatic formal systems with interpretations under which they consistently make sense. We can now see why this includes psychology and artificial intelligence on a more or less equal footing: people and intelligent computers (if and when there are any) turn out to be merely different manifestations of the same underlying phenomenon. Moreover, with universal hardware, any semantic engine can in principle be formally imitated by a computer if only the right program can be found. And that will guarantee semantic imitation as well, since (given the appropriate formal behavior) the semantics is "taking care of itself" anyway. Thus we also see why, from this perspective, artificial intelligence can be regarded as psychology in a particularly pure and abstract form. The same fundamental structures are under investigation, but in AI, all the relevant parameters are under direct experimental control (in the programming), without any messy physiology or ethics to get in the way. (Haugeland, 1981b, p. 31)
       There are many different kinds of reasoning one might imagine:
        Formal reasoning involves the syntactic manipulation of data structures to deduce new ones following prespecified rules of inference. Mathematical logic is the archetypical formal representation. Procedural reasoning uses simulation to answer questions and solve problems. When we use a program to answer What is the sum of 3 and 4? it uses, or "runs," a procedural model of arithmetic. Reasoning by analogy seems to be a very natural mode of thought for humans but, so far, difficult to accomplish in AI programs. The idea is that when you ask the question Can robins fly? the system might reason that "robins are like sparrows, and I know that sparrows can fly, so robins probably can fly."
        Generalization and abstraction are also natural reasoning process for humans that are difficult to pin down well enough to implement in a program. If one knows that Robins have wings, that Sparrows have wings, and that Blue jays have wings, eventually one will believe that All birds have wings. This capability may be at the core of most human learning, but it has not yet become a useful technique in AI.... Meta- level reasoning is demonstrated by the way one answers the question What is Paul Newman's telephone number? You might reason that "if I knew Paul Newman's number, I would know that I knew it, because it is a notable fact." This involves using "knowledge about what you know," in particular, about the extent of your knowledge and about the importance of certain facts. Recent research in psychology and AI indicates that meta-level reasoning may play a central role in human cognitive processing. (Barr & Feigenbaum, 1981, pp. 146-147)
       Suffice it to say that programs already exist that can do things-or, at the very least, appear to be beginning to do things-which ill-informed critics have asserted a priori to be impossible. Examples include: perceiving in a holistic as opposed to an atomistic way; using language creatively; translating sensibly from one language to another by way of a language-neutral semantic representation; planning acts in a broad and sketchy fashion, the details being decided only in execution; distinguishing between different species of emotional reaction according to the psychological context of the subject. (Boden, 1981, p. 33)
       Can the synthesis of Man and Machine ever be stable, or will the purely organic component become such a hindrance that it has to be discarded? If this eventually happens-and I have... good reasons for thinking that it must-we have nothing to regret and certainly nothing to fear. (Clarke, 1984, p. 243)
       The thesis of GOFAI... is not that the processes underlying intelligence can be described symbolically... but that they are symbolic. (Haugeland, 1985, p. 113)
        14) Artificial Intelligence Provides a Useful Approach to Psychological and Psychiatric Theory Formation
       It is all very well formulating psychological and psychiatric theories verbally but, when using natural language (even technical jargon), it is difficult to recognise when a theory is complete; oversights are all too easily made, gaps too readily left. This is a point which is generally recognised to be true and it is for precisely this reason that the behavioural sciences attempt to follow the natural sciences in using "classical" mathematics as a more rigorous descriptive language. However, it is an unfortunate fact that, with a few notable exceptions, there has been a marked lack of success in this application. It is my belief that a different approach-a different mathematics-is needed, and that AI provides just this approach. (Hand, quoted in Hand, 1985, pp. 6-7)
       We might distinguish among four kinds of AI.
       Research of this kind involves building and programming computers to perform tasks which, to paraphrase Marvin Minsky, would require intelligence if they were done by us. Researchers in nonpsychological AI make no claims whatsoever about the psychological realism of their programs or the devices they build, that is, about whether or not computers perform tasks as humans do.
       Research here is guided by the view that the computer is a useful tool in the study of mind. In particular, we can write computer programs or build devices that simulate alleged psychological processes in humans and then test our predictions about how the alleged processes work. We can weave these programs and devices together with other programs and devices that simulate different alleged mental processes and thereby test the degree to which the AI system as a whole simulates human mentality. According to weak psychological AI, working with computer models is a way of refining and testing hypotheses about processes that are allegedly realized in human minds.
    ... According to this view, our minds are computers and therefore can be duplicated by other computers. Sherry Turkle writes that the "real ambition is of mythic proportions, making a general purpose intelligence, a mind." (Turkle, 1984, p. 240) The authors of a major text announce that "the ultimate goal of AI research is to build a person or, more humbly, an animal." (Charniak & McDermott, 1985, p. 7)
       Research in this field, like strong psychological AI, takes seriously the functionalist view that mentality can be realized in many different types of physical devices. Suprapsychological AI, however, accuses strong psychological AI of being chauvinisticof being only interested in human intelligence! Suprapsychological AI claims to be interested in all the conceivable ways intelligence can be realized. (Flanagan, 1991, pp. 241-242)
        16) Determination of Relevance of Rules in Particular Contexts
       Even if the [rules] were stored in a context-free form the computer still couldn't use them. To do that the computer requires rules enabling it to draw on just those [ rules] which are relevant in each particular context. Determination of relevance will have to be based on further facts and rules, but the question will again arise as to which facts and rules are relevant for making each particular determination. One could always invoke further facts and rules to answer this question, but of course these must be only the relevant ones. And so it goes. It seems that AI workers will never be able to get started here unless they can settle the problem of relevance beforehand by cataloguing types of context and listing just those facts which are relevant in each. (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1986, p. 80)
       Perhaps the single most important idea to artificial intelligence is that there is no fundamental difference between form and content, that meaning can be captured in a set of symbols such as a semantic net. (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)
        18) The Assumption That the Mind Is a Formal System
       Artificial intelligence is based on the assumption that the mind can be described as some kind of formal system manipulating symbols that stand for things in the world. Thus it doesn't matter what the brain is made of, or what it uses for tokens in the great game of thinking. Using an equivalent set of tokens and rules, we can do thinking with a digital computer, just as we can play chess using cups, salt and pepper shakers, knives, forks, and spoons. Using the right software, one system (the mind) can be mapped into the other (the computer). (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)
        19) A Statement of the Primary and Secondary Purposes of Artificial Intelligence
       The primary goal of Artificial Intelligence is to make machines smarter.
       The secondary goals of Artificial Intelligence are to understand what intelligence is (the Nobel laureate purpose) and to make machines more useful (the entrepreneurial purpose). (Winston, 1987, p. 1)
       The theoretical ideas of older branches of engineering are captured in the language of mathematics. We contend that mathematical logic provides the basis for theory in AI. Although many computer scientists already count logic as fundamental to computer science in general, we put forward an even stronger form of the logic-is-important argument....
       AI deals mainly with the problem of representing and using declarative (as opposed to procedural) knowledge. Declarative knowledge is the kind that is expressed as sentences, and AI needs a language in which to state these sentences. Because the languages in which this knowledge usually is originally captured (natural languages such as English) are not suitable for computer representations, some other language with the appropriate properties must be used. It turns out, we think, that the appropriate properties include at least those that have been uppermost in the minds of logicians in their development of logical languages such as the predicate calculus. Thus, we think that any language for expressing knowledge in AI systems must be at least as expressive as the first-order predicate calculus. (Genesereth & Nilsson, 1987, p. viii)
        21) Perceptual Structures Can Be Represented as Lists of Elementary Propositions
       In artificial intelligence studies, perceptual structures are represented as assemblages of description lists, the elementary components of which are propositions asserting that certain relations hold among elements. (Chase & Simon, 1988, p. 490)
       Artificial intelligence (AI) is sometimes defined as the study of how to build and/or program computers to enable them to do the sorts of things that minds can do. Some of these things are commonly regarded as requiring intelligence: offering a medical diagnosis and/or prescription, giving legal or scientific advice, proving theorems in logic or mathematics. Others are not, because they can be done by all normal adults irrespective of educational background (and sometimes by non-human animals too), and typically involve no conscious control: seeing things in sunlight and shadows, finding a path through cluttered terrain, fitting pegs into holes, speaking one's own native tongue, and using one's common sense. Because it covers AI research dealing with both these classes of mental capacity, this definition is preferable to one describing AI as making computers do "things that would require intelligence if done by people." However, it presupposes that computers could do what minds can do, that they might really diagnose, advise, infer, and understand. One could avoid this problematic assumption (and also side-step questions about whether computers do things in the same way as we do) by defining AI instead as "the development of computers whose observable performance has features which in humans we would attribute to mental processes." This bland characterization would be acceptable to some AI workers, especially amongst those focusing on the production of technological tools for commercial purposes. But many others would favour a more controversial definition, seeing AI as the science of intelligence in general-or, more accurately, as the intellectual core of cognitive science. As such, its goal is to provide a systematic theory that can explain (and perhaps enable us to replicate) both the general categories of intentionality and the diverse psychological capacities grounded in them. (Boden, 1990b, pp. 1-2)
       Because the ability to store data somewhat corresponds to what we call memory in human beings, and because the ability to follow logical procedures somewhat corresponds to what we call reasoning in human beings, many members of the cult have concluded that what computers do somewhat corresponds to what we call thinking. It is no great difficulty to persuade the general public of that conclusion since computers process data very fast in small spaces well below the level of visibility; they do not look like other machines when they are at work. They seem to be running along as smoothly and silently as the brain does when it remembers and reasons and thinks. On the other hand, those who design and build computers know exactly how the machines are working down in the hidden depths of their semiconductors. Computers can be taken apart, scrutinized, and put back together. Their activities can be tracked, analyzed, measured, and thus clearly understood-which is far from possible with the brain. This gives rise to the tempting assumption on the part of the builders and designers that computers can tell us something about brains, indeed, that the computer can serve as a model of the mind, which then comes to be seen as some manner of information processing machine, and possibly not as good at the job as the machine. (Roszak, 1994, pp. xiv-xv)
       The inner workings of the human mind are far more intricate than the most complicated systems of modern technology. Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have been attempting to develop programs that will enable computers to display intelligent behavior. Although this field has been an active one for more than thirty-five years and has had many notable successes, AI researchers still do not know how to create a program that matches human intelligence. No existing program can recall facts, solve problems, reason, learn, and process language with human facility. This lack of success has occurred not because computers are inferior to human brains but rather because we do not yet know in sufficient detail how intelligence is organized in the brain. (Anderson, 1995, p. 2)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Artificial Intelligence

  • 17 artificial intelligence

    Gen Mgt
    a branch of computer science concerned with the development of computer systems capable of performing functions that normally require human intelligence, for example, reasoning, problem solving, learning from experience, and speech recognition. Artificial intelligence research combines elements of computer science and cognitive psychology. It is a controversial field because of the difficulty of defining its goals and disagreement over whether these goals are attainable. Much research has been done since World War II, beginning with the theoretical work of Alan Turing during the 1940s. The term became known with the publication in 1961 of the paper Steps Toward Artificial Intelligence by Marvin Minsky, cofounder with John McCarthy of the Artificial Intelligence Laboratory at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Branches of artificial intelligence with applications in business and management include expert systems and robotics.

    The ultimate business dictionary > artificial intelligence

  • 18 artificial

    [aːtɪˈfɪʃəl] adjective
    made by man; not natural; not real:

    Did you look at the colour in artificial light or in daylight?

    إصْطِناعي، مُصْطَنَع

    Arabic-English dictionary > artificial

  • 19 Artificial Reality

    German-english technical dictionary > Artificial Reality

  • 20 artificial

    adj artificial

    Diccionari Català-Anglès > artificial

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

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  • artificial — (Del lat. artificiālis). 1. adj. Hecho por mano o arte del hombre. 2. No natural, falso. 3. Producido por el ingenio humano. 4. ant. artificioso (ǁ disimulado, cauteloso). ☛ V. agnación artificial, articulación artificial, bálsamo artificial,… …   Diccionario de la lengua española

  • Artificial — is something which is not natural. Its original sense, related to artifact and artifice , refers to a product of human endeavor; a more English but gendered synonym is man made . It is also used to mean false , a substitute for the real thing, as …   Wikipedia

  • Artificial creation — is a field of research that studies the primary synthesis of complex life like structures from primordial lifeless origins. The field bears some similarity to artificial life, but unlike artificial life, artificial creation focuses on the primary …   Wikipedia

  • artificial — artificial, factitious, synthetic, ersatz mean not brought into being by nature but by human art or effort or by some process of manufacture. They are not often interchangeable because of differences in some of their implications and in their… …   New Dictionary of Synonyms

  • Artificial Imagination — (AIm), also called Synthetic Imagination or machine imagination is defined as artificial simulation of human imagination by general or special purpose computers or artificial neural networks. The term artificial imagination is also used to… …   Wikipedia

  • Artificial — Ar ti*fi cial, a. [L. artificialis, fr. artificium: cf. F. artificiel. See {Artifice}.] 1. Made or contrived by art; produced or modified by human skill and labor, in opposition to natural; as, artificial heat or light, gems, salts, minerals,… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

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